What is Sundowners Syndrome?
Article by Theanna L. Zika
Even though Sundowners is very common, there seems to be a scarcity of information and general knowledge about this affliction. As I delved into researching it further, it became quite apparent that even the ?experts? are not sure what causes it ? although as you will see, there is no shortage of theories! And just as there is no ?cure? for Alzheimer?s, so goes Sundowners. So that?s the bad news. But on a brighter side, there is actually some excellent advice as far as how to manage the symptoms, as you will see?.
Some things we do know about Sundowning:
* While it can affect those without dementia, it is much more prevalent in those with Alzheimer?s and dementia. * It seems fatigue and exhaustion play a central role as well. * We also know, for whatever reason, Sundowners occurs more often in nursing homes than at a person?s own home, the theory being that the person might feel more safe in familiar surroundings. * The most common time for onset is 4pm-6pm. * There does not seem to be a predilection for gender * There is no cure as of yet
Sundowners is defined as a cluster of signs and symptoms that occur as darkness falls. The onset can be abrupt and the behavior can have a paranoid quality to it. The person may have delusions they are being watched. Very often they become severely agitated and argumentative. It is common for them to lash out at their caregiver as well. There also may be pacing, wandering, cursing, yelling and hallucinations.
As to what causes Sundowners, my research showed a plethora of theories, some more plausible than others. Theories include effects of medications, cognitive decline, stress and hormonal fluctuations or a circadian rhythm disturbance. It seems everyone agrees fatigue exacerbates it. The possible connection with light and Seasonal Affection Disorder is intriguing since some studies have shown that Sundowners increases in the fall and winter. But the exact cause remains a mystery.
Here are some excellent tips to try:
* Establish a little routine each night beginning one hour before the symptoms usually begin. Turn off the TV, dishwasher, and lessen the noise. Talk in quiet soothing tones. Offer a cup of hot tea or milk. * Also making sure your loved one eats and drinks regularly. Low blood sugar and dehydration can worsen symptoms. You cannot rely on a person with dementia to tell you when he is hungry or thirsty! * There seems to be something about reassuring the person they?re safe that?s beneficial. Try anything you can to foster these feelings. * Open the blinds in the morning and keep the house as bright and lit as possible during the day. * Encourage exercise during the day. It helps depression and can also help with sleep. * Close the drapes so the person does not watch it become dark outside. * Shadows seem to be especially agitating to these patients. Eliminate any shadows lamps, furniture or blinds may make. * If the person falls asleep on the couch, leave him there. Don?t wake him to go to bed! * Sometimes certain supplements can help. Consult a doctor familiar with alternative therapies. Call our office for a recommendation. * Sometimes antidepressants or anti-psychotics can be prescribed. Discuss side effects with your doctor.
About the Author
Theanna L. Zika began Heavenly Helpers Senior Home Care in 2004 with a vision to “raise the bar” on the quality of existing home care for seniors. Heavenly Helpers is an independent, non medical home care agency proudly serving the St. Louis, Missouri Metro area. While our office is located in the heart of Webster Groves, we provide care throughout St. Louis, St. Charles and Jefferson County.
For more information, please visit us at http://www.heavenlyhelpers.net/